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96 Global Health NOW: Global Health sNOW Day February 23, 2026 iStock/Getty Global Health SNOW Day
GHN is off today due to inclement weather and reduced operations at Johns Hopkins University. We plan to be back tomorrow with all the latest global health news! 鈥�Dayna Issue No. 2868
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Afghanistan鈥檚 鈥楥atastrophic鈥� Hunger Plus: Birth Certificates for Bangladesh鈥檚 鈥業nvisible鈥� Children February 19, 2026 TOP STORIES Libya has eliminated trachoma as a public health problem, the WHO has validated鈥攖he result of a decades-long effort that involved improved surveillance, expanded surgical care, and training and support for eye health workers that was 鈥減articularly notable given years of political instability and humanitarian challenges鈥� that strained health services.   
 
New FDA guidance for antibiotic use in food-producing animals seeks to add duration limits to medically important antibiotics; but critics say  fails to adequately address the rise and spread of antibiotic resistance and the potential impacts on human health.  
 
Early prenatal care has declined in the U.S., with the share of births to women who had prenatal care in the first trimester dropping from 78.3% in 2021 to 75.5% in 2024, ; while reasons for the decline were not cited, the decrease was higher for mothers in minority groups, and specialists pointed to the rise in maternity deserts as a likely factor.   
 
Greater air pollution exposure has been linked to heightened Alzheimer鈥檚 risk, , which found that air pollution affected the brain through direct effects rather than through other chronic conditions.  IN FOCUS A malnourished child holding his mother鈥檚 hand inside the M茅decins Sans Fronti猫res therapeutic nutrition center at a hospital in Herat, Afghanistan, on January 8. Wakil Kohsar/AFP via Getty Afghanistan鈥檚 鈥楥atastrophic鈥� Hunger
Afghanistan faces a historic surge in malnutrition, as aid cuts, displacement, and drought leave two-thirds of the country鈥檚 population facing serious or crisis levels for acute malnutrition, . 

• 鈥淲e have a catastrophic nutritional crisis on our hands,鈥� said John Aylieff, Afghanistan Country Director for the UN's World Food Program, noting that levels of malnutrition are the highest ever recorded in the country at 17.4 million people.  

Driving hunger: After the 2021 Taliban takeover, foreign aid plummeted and economic collapse left many without a lifeline for nutritional assistance. Since then, conditions have only worsened because of drought, earthquakes, and the return of 5.3 million Afghans expelled from Pakistan and Iran.    U.S. aid cuts last year delivered a devastating blow, and donors have since struggled to keep pace with the needs.    Most at risk:  

• Children: ~4 million children are acutely malnourished, and 500+ child deaths have been logged in recent months鈥攍ikely an undercount.  

• Women: Prohibited from work, women are especially vulnerable. WFP has recorded a 30% rise in malnourished pregnant and breastfeeding women, and is seeing an uptick in suicidal calls from women with nowhere to turn.  

Fragility as Ramadan begins: 鈥淢any are beginning the fasting period without reliable incomes,鈥� . GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES HUMAN RIGHTS Birth Certificates for Bangladesh鈥檚 鈥業nvisible鈥� Children
Hundreds of undocumented, 鈥渋nvisible鈥� children born in brothels in Bangladesh now have birth certificates, opening the door to education and protections they previously could not access.     700+ children are newly documented after years of campaigning by activists with the Freedom Fund, who advocated for better documentation by pointing to a 2018 law that allows registration without a father鈥檚 details, and who worked to identify the children and collect their information.     Unlocking basic rights: The certificates will allow the children to enroll in school, acquire passports, and vote.  

• Documentation can also help protect children from trafficking.  

The quote: 鈥淭hese documents are not just a tool, it鈥檚 about survival,鈥� said Khaleda Akhter, Bangladesh program manager for the Freedom Fund.     ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION A Dog Has His Day
It鈥檚 safe to say that us non-athletes don鈥檛 spend most of our lives thinking about triple axels, frantically sweeping near a kettle-type-thing, or cross-country-skiing-really-far-then-shooting-something.  

But then for a few weeks every four years, we sink into our sofas and become winter sports dilettantes. We cry tears of joy and disappointment, lament scoring injustices, marvel at back stories鈥攁nd wonder, popcorn in hand, if we might have stood a chance at Olympic greatness. 

• What we never considered: What if we just 鈥� joined in?  

Nazgul, a local Czechoslovakian wolfdog, did just that,  of the women鈥檚 cross-country skiing qualifying race at Milano-Cortina. Immediately disqualified on grounds of being male, a dog, and not even on skis, Nazgul was nevertheless the star of the event, . 

A true sportsman, Nazgul congratulated fellow athletes with bum-sniffs at the finish line. Greek skier Konstantina Charalampidou welcomed the competition. 

鈥淚 wanted to pet him, but I didn鈥檛 have the time.鈥�
 
 The sacrifices of an Olympian. QUICK HITS Measles cases in South Carolina rise by 12 to 962, state health department says 鈥�      NIH Director Jay Bhattacharya will take over leadership of CDC temporarily 鈥�      Why is the US targeting Cuba鈥檚 global medical missions? 鈥�      FDA will drop two-study requirement for new drug approvals, aiming to speed access 鈥�      New Inhalable Tuberculosis Treatment Could Replace Months of Daily Pills 鈥�     The most dangerous sport at the Winter Olympics? It鈥檚 not luge or ice skating 鈥�  Issue No. 2867
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Forced Begging in Ethiopia; and Botswana鈥檚 Health Care Breakdown February 18, 2026 TOP STORIES Five years into Ukraine鈥檚 war, more than a third of the country鈥檚 children鈥�2,589,900鈥攔emain displaced, including 791,000+ children inside Ukraine and nearly 1.8 million children who are now refugees outside the country.  
The UK government launched a vaccination campaign in response to a measles outbreak in North London; vaccine coverage with both doses of the MMR vaccine have now dropped to 89% across England, and below 65% for some areas.     Moderna鈥檚 flu vaccine will now be reviewed by the U.S. FDA after the agency reversed its decision last week to reject the application for the vaccine, which is made with mRNA technology.     The maker of Roundup, the weedkiller, has announced a proposed $7.25 billion settlement to resolve thousands of U.S. lawsuits which allege the chemical company, Bayer, failed to warn people that Roundup could cause cancer.   IN FOCUS People beg in the streets in central Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. November 16, 2010. Per-Anders Pettersson Forced Begging in Ethiopia     People with disabilities are frequently trafficked and forced to beg in Ethiopia鈥檚 major cities in an often overlooked form of human trafficking that researchers describe as a 鈥渃rime hiding in plain sight,鈥�  that is among the first to focus on the specific form of trafficking.     Exploiting vulnerability: Children with disabilities from poor rural families are especially at risk, facing stigma, exclusion, and almost no access to school or social support. 

• Traffickers often convince parents to allow them to take their children to urban areas like Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, and Mekelle鈥攑romising education or medical care. 

Extreme abuse: Once trafficked, the children are often forced to beg for long hours, often under 鈥渃ruel and inhumane鈥� conditions including near-starvation, minimal sleep, and constant threats of physical violence and abandonment.  

• 鈥淚 would go out crawling on my hands since I didn鈥檛 have a wheelchair,鈥� reported one female survivor with a physical disability, adding that if she returned with too few earnings her trafficker 鈥渋nsults me and hits me.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;

• Most were too afraid or dependent upon traffickers to seek help, and the police rarely provided a pathway out. 

Calls for intervention: Researchers say trafficking can be prevented and reduced through: 

• Stigma reduction, including inclusive education and jobs for those with disabilities. 

• Safer reporting mechanisms and tailored law enforcement response.  

• Support systems after rescue, informed by survivor experience. 

   GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES HEALTH SYSTEMS Botswana鈥檚 Health Care Breakdown    Botswana's once-model health system is swiftly deteriorating amid a diamond trade slump that has drained national finances and exposed weaknesses in the country鈥檚 health funding structure.     Severe shortages: Medicine and supply stocks at hospitals have run out, forcing staff to buy supplies out-of-pocket, and leading to extensive wait times.  

• A public health emergency was declared six months ago, but an ombudsman鈥檚 new investigation reveals continued struggles, including the country鈥檚 largest hospital being reduced to an 鈥渙ld, heavily worn vehicle, overloaded with passengers.鈥�&苍产蝉辫; 

Need for reform: While emergency measures are being implemented, including a $43 million infusion from The World Bank, officials are calling for deep systemic reform鈥攍ike changes to drug procurement and health insurance.       OPPORTUNITY Watch the Series, Host a Screening
in the Escape the Neglect: Stories from the Front Lines docuseries, following the innovation arc in the treatment of sleeping sickness in the DRC, is now live. 

•  produced by Devex in partnership with the Gates Foundation, spotlights the human stories from the global effort to end neglected tropical diseases in Nigeria, India, and the DRC. 

Host a screening: These short films (5鈥�10 minutes each) offer a simple, meaningful way to spark conversation. To make hosting easy, the creators of the series developed  a flexible toolkit that provides everything you need to facilitate an in-person or hybrid event, including:  

• A facilitation guide with inclusive, action鈥憃riented discussion prompts. 

• An NTD factsheet with episode鈥憇pecific context. 

• 搁别补诲测鈥憈辞鈥憉蝉别&苍产蝉辫;颈苍惫颈迟补迟颈辞苍 and promotional language. 

QUICK HITS UK cuts aid further than any G7 country, including the US 鈥�     Vaccine Makers Curtail Research and Cut Jobs 鈥�      Chlorine Dioxide, Raw Camel Milk: The FDA No Longer Warns Against These and Other Ineffective Autism Treatments 鈥�     Progress on family planning in Afghanistan is still possible 鈥�      The science influencers going viral on TikTok to fight misinformation 鈥�     This form of mental exercise may cut dementia risk for decades 鈥�  Issue No. 2866
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Booming 鈥楤ootleg Cigarettes鈥� Down Under; and the Race for WHO Leadership Ramps Up February 17, 2026 TOP STORIES Mortality among people who inject drugs and participated in a Stockholm, Sweden, needle and syringe program declined over a decade of harm reduction intervention expansion, including a take-home naloxone effort;  observed a marked reduction in opioid overdose deaths.      Plastic water bottles contained more chemicals than glass:  tested 37 Belgian brands and found 17 endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including bisphenol B and acetaminophen鈥攁nd observed that higher price correlated with increased phthalate levels.     The benefits of intermittent fasting 鈥渇ail to match the hype,鈥�  of 22 studies that found little to no weight loss improvement compared to regular dietary advice or doing nothing at all for people who were overweight or obese.  
Ultra-processed food companies hijacked the Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) 鈥渓oophole鈥� to let questionable ingredients slip into American food products, says U.S. health secretary RFK Jr., who pledged to act on a petition from former FDA chief David Kesler to address the issue.  IN FOCUS Pedestrians walk past signs outside a tobacconist and convenience store in central Sydney, Australia. March 27, 2025. David Gray/AFP via Getty Booming 鈥楤ootleg Cigarettes鈥� Down Under 
Australia鈥檚 aggressive taxes on cigarettes have driven down smoking rates and raised an average pack鈥檚 cost to US$40. But they鈥檝e also unleashed a nationwide black market, . 

• The tax on a single cigarette has tripled in a decade to about US$1.06.  

Unintended consequences: 

• The price spike has launched a huge demand for illegal cigarettes. A pack of under-the-counter cigarettes costs as little as US$7. 

• Illegal cigs are commonly sold at shops and via private sales, accounting for perhaps half of all tobacco sales.  

• Criminal gangs are smuggling in cigarettes from the Middle East or China.  

• 鈥� 鈥� have spawned 100+ firebombings and hundreds of attacks on shopkeepers and others, as turf battles have erupted among gangs.  

Next steps: Government officials have previously rebuffed any discussion of reducing the excise tax to stem the illegal trade, but last week finance minister Katy Gallagher acknowledged that all options are on the table, . 
Public health perspective: The illegal market has made prices so cheap that further tax increases wouldn鈥檛 do much good, said Becky Freeman, a University of Sydney tobacco expert.  

• 鈥淚 only support tax increases if they are effective at reducing smoking,鈥� Freeman said.  

Related:  
Smoking And Quitting Behaviors Vary by Socioeconomic Position 鈥�        Exclusive: India sticks to e-cigarette ban in snub for Philip Morris 鈥�   DATA POINT

123 million
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌斺赌斺赌�
Additional malaria cases in Africa by 2050 that could be triggered by climate change, driven mostly by extreme weather events, led by researchers from The Kids Research Institute Australia and Curtin University. 鈥�
  WHO Race for WHO Leadership Ramps Up    Diplomatic maneuvering has begun for the WHO's next director-general, as the nomination process opens in April for next year鈥檚 vote.     And while a list of rumored candidates is growing, the successor to current chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus faces an 鈥渆xistential convergence of crises鈥� amid geopolitical rifts and major funding challenges.     An agency at a crossroads: The WHO鈥檚 next leader will have to steer the agency at a critical juncture that includes a $1鈥痓illion funding gap after the U.S. withdrawal, a 25% staff cut, and low morale.     Seeking a 鈥渦nicorn鈥�: The incoming chief will also need to balance demands for global equity with fiscal reform鈥攁ll while trying to meet 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and prepare for potential pandemics in a post-COVID landscape.      SPONSORED Cells to Society: The Building Blocks of a Public Health Career     Considering a career in public health? The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health is now offering online, noncredit courses for adult learners who are thinking about a career change, are seeking ways to be more helpful in their local communities, or are simply curious about how public health works. Explore available courses and register today to get a preview into a formal public health education.         QUICK HITS Mexico Risks Losing Its Measles-Free Status, Months Before Millions Arrive for World Cup 鈥�     Doctors bear the burden as 鈥榤edical freedom鈥� fuels worst US measles outbreak in 30 years 鈥�      Investment in Malaria Venture Yields 13x Health Benefits 鈥�      Indian Health Service to phase out use of dental fillings containing mercury by 2027 鈥�     As More Schools Turn to AI Weapons Detection, Questions Persist 鈥�  
As US presence wanes, China works to increase its influence through foreign aid 鈥�  
The Karate Class Where Kenya鈥檚 Grandmothers Learn to Fight Back 鈥�   Issue No. 2865
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Progress and Pushback on Polio Vaccination; and Peru鈥檚 Defective Cancer Drugs February 16, 2026 TOP STORIES A measles outbreak in London is spreading rapidly among children under age 10, per the U.K. Health Security Agency, which has reported 34 laboratory-confirmed cases over the last month linked to schools and nurseries in Enfield.  
  A new recombinant mpox strain combining genomic elements of clades Ib and IIb of the virus has been identified in two cases鈥攐ne in the U.K. and the other in India鈥�, which has urged continued genomic surveillance.   
  Whooping cough cases in Australia have hit their highest level recorded in 35 years following a 鈥減otentially catastrophic鈥� drop in vaccinations; 57,000+ cases were reported in 2024鈥攎ostly among children.  
  France will slash its funding for the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria by 58%+ for the next two-year cycle, from 鈧�1.6 billion to 鈧�660 million; French NGOs warned that the cuts鈥攚hich could impact antiretroviral HIV treatments, malaria prevention, condom availability, and testing services鈥攚ill cost lives.  IN FOCUS Progress and Pushback on Polio Vaccination     The WHO is expanding the global arsenal for polio outbreak response by  aimed at curbing vaccine-derived outbreaks 鈥渕ore sustainably鈥� in the ongoing quest to eradicate the virus.     But the progress comes as vaccination strategy is under threat in a new era of politicization鈥攑otentially endangering decades of gains.     The new nOPV2 vaccine is designed to be more genetically stable than older vaccines, reducing risk of vaccine-derived outbreaks while effectively curbing virus transmission, .      Meanwhile in Malawi, health officials have launched a new oral polio vaccination campaign in schools and door-to-door, seeking to administer 1.7 million nOPV2 doses after detecting vaccine-derived type 2 virus in sewage in the southern city Blantyre last month, .      鈥淧olio endgame鈥�: The WHO's SAGE Polio Working Group convened in Geneva this month to review global polio eradication strategies, including phasing out the two-strain oral vaccine (bOPV) while improving the nOPV2 and next-generation shots (IPV), .     An uncertain future in the U.S.: Despite these global strides, the future of vaccine strategy in the U.S. is uncertain as allies of HHS Sec. Robert F. Kennedy Jr. form coalitions to roll back state-level school vaccine mandates鈥攁larming public health experts who warn this could swiftly erode a century of protections against deadly childhood diseases, including polio, .  DATA POINT

123 million
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌斺赌斺赌�
Additional malaria cases in Africa by 2050 that could be triggered by climate change, driven mostly by extreme weather events, led by researchers from The Kids Research Institute Australia and Curtin University. 鈥�
  PHARMACEUTICALS Peru鈥檚 Defective Cancer Drugs     Ineffective and even dangerous cancer drugs have been repeatedly shipped to Peru health facilities amid an ongoing pattern of regulatory failures within the country.     Unfit for use: ~118,000 vials of chemo bought with government funds have been ordered destroyed since 2019, though some reached hospitals and even patients before they were scrapped.     Poor track records: Pharma companies with problematic track records have been awarded state contracts, even after their drugs have failed quality tests.     Exacerbating a crisis: 1 in 4 cancer patients in Peru experience treatment delays because of drug shortages.     , in partnership with   OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS Key US infectious-diseases centre to drop pandemic preparation 鈥�     NSF鈥檚 flagship fellowship program is rejecting applicants without peer review 鈥�     RFK Jr. shakes up top health department staff 鈥�     She was denied a legal abortion and sent to prison over an illegal one. Now she tells her story 鈥�     HIV made him expect to die at 40. At 73, Edwin Cameron asks: Who鈥檚 planning for our ageing survivors? 鈥�     Photos: The flying doctors of Lesotho won鈥檛 let their wings be clipped 鈥�   Issue No. 2864
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: EPA Moves to Revoke Key Climate Health Warning Plus: Kenya Battles Kala-azar February 12, 2026 TOP STORIES Life-threatening blood clots that have been a rare side effect of some COVID-19 vaccines, including those by Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca, are caused by an adenovirus protein used by both vaccines which triggered 鈥渞ogue鈥� antibodies in people with a particular genetic background, .      The WHO director-general has called a U.S.-funded hepatitis B vaccine trial in Guinea-Bissau 鈥渦nethical,鈥� as the trial will deny half the children the vaccine despite its proven efficacy; instead of testing benefits or efficacy, the study appears focused on looking for adverse outcomes in children who receive a birth dose.     Measles cases fell across Europe and Central Asia last year, dropping by 75% in 2025 compared to 2024 due to outbreak response measures and 鈥渢he gradual decline in the number of people susceptible鈥� to infection as the virus infected undervaccinated communities, per new UN data; still, outbreak risks remain.     More than 70% of baby foods, drinks, and snacks sold in the U.S.鈥攊ncluding crackers, yogurt, and puffs鈥攁re ultraprocessed and contain additives that have been linked to health issues, according to   IN FOCUS Steam rises from the smoke stacks of the Ravenswood Generating Station, New York City's largest power plant, on January 26. Andrew Lichtenstein/Corbis via Getty EPA Moves to Revoke Key Climate Health Warning
The EPA is poised to revoke its own 2009 scientific conclusion that greenhouse gases are a threat to public health and welfare鈥攗pending the legal foundation for a wide range of federal climate protections, .    Background: Known as the determination established wide-ranging health threats posed by greenhouse gases produced by oil, gas, and coal, and has since been invoked to set emissions limits for vehicles and power plants.     The long road to repeal: Members of President Trump鈥檚 administration have long worked to dismantle climate legislation they describe as unfounded and harmful to the economy, , with White House officials lauding the rollback as 鈥渢he largest deregulatory action in American history.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;    Long-term impact: Ending the finding could block future presidents from using the EPA to limit emissions, allowing industries to fully abandon regulations,     Scientific backlash: Leading scientific and health organizations overwhelmingly oppose the rollback, saying it ignores vast and mounting scientific evidence that links pollution- and climate change-driven disasters to illness, higher medical costs, and premature deaths 鈥渂eyond scientific dispute,鈥� .   

• Environmental groups have pledged to fight the EPA 鈥渆very step of the way鈥� with legal challenges that could stretch for years.

• 鈥淐ommunities across the country will bear the brunt of this decision鈥攖hrough dirtier air, higher health costs, and increased climate harm,鈥� said Michelle Roos, executive director of the Environmental Protection Network, . 

  Related: Scientific analysis says climate change fueled conditions for Chile, Argentina wildfires 鈥�  DATA POINT

94 million+ 
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The number of people worldwide who suffer from cataracts; half of them lack access to the corrective surgery, according to the WHO. 鈥�
  NEGLECTED DISEASES  Kenya Battles Kala-azar 
An outbreak of kala-azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, has surged in Kenya's dry regions over the last year.     By the numbers: Cases spiked from 1,575 in 2024 to 3,577 in 2025, and the disease has a 95% fatality rate if untreated.  

• Few facilities in Kenya have the capacity to diagnose or treat the illness, and more training to address the medical crisis is needed.  

Drought-driven spread: The parasitic disease is carried by sandflies, which have expanded their reach amid ongoing drought and dry conditions resulting from climate change and urbanization.     Mitigation efforts: Six African nations most affected by kala-azar adopted a framework in Nairobi in 2023 to eliminate the disease by 2030.    ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION A Dozen Roaches
It鈥檚 been said that revenge is a dish best served cold. But it may actually be a dish best served to an armadillo, .    Thankfully, every February, a slew of zoos and wildlife conservation groups offer such a service,  de facto guide to vengeful Valentines.    A sampling:    Bugs and hisses: The San Antonio Zoo鈥檚 annual  allows donors to pay $5 to name a cockroach after an ex, then have it fed to inhabitants, .  

• Similarly, the  lets donors revenge-name mealworms or rats which are then fed to birds of prey with 鈥渧ideo proof of their revenge being swallowed whole.鈥�&苍产蝉辫; 

Cutting them off: Animal shelters from  to  offer a certain kind of closure via 鈥淣euter Your Ex鈥� fundraisers, allowing donors to name a feral cat after a former flame before the cat is spayed or neutered through Trap-Neuter-Return programs.     Getting dumped: The Gulf Coast Humane Society in Corpus Christi, Texas, hosts a , in which donors can have their ex鈥檚 name written on paper and placed in a litter box, where it will be 鈥� 鈥渆motionally processed.鈥� QUICK HITS US to participate in meeting on influenza vaccine composition, WHO official says 鈥�   

Study supports shorter treatment regimens for TB prevention 鈥� 

Four states sue Trump administration over cuts to public health funding 鈥�   

Nurses on strike in New York approve new contracts at 2 of 3 hospital systems 鈥� 

Public health workers reflect on a year since mass layoffs at the CDC 鈥�  

鈥楢t 2am, it feels like someone鈥檚 there鈥�: why Nigerians are choosing chatbots to give them advice and therapy 鈥�  Issue No. 2863
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Deteriorating Health Conditions in Immigration Detention; and The Struggle to Keep Mobile Crisis Teams in Action February 11, 2026 TOP STORIES At least nine people were killed and at least 25 injured yesterday in Canada鈥檚 deadliest mass shooting in decades; the shootings, at the hands of a suspect who died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound, took place in a home and a secondary school in Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia.   
The U.S. FDA has refused to review Moderna鈥檚 application for a new mRNA flu vaccine, though no safety or efficacy concerns were identified; Moderna has requested an urgent meeting with the FDA, noting that it has submitted the vaccine for review in Europe, Canada, and Australia.  
  Aluminum exposure from dietary sources over the course of a 100-year lifespan is 鈥渙rders of magnitude鈥� higher than the cumulative lifetime exposure from all the recommended aluminum-containing vaccines, .  
Tanning companies are spreading harmful misinformation about suntanning beds鈥攃laiming a range of health benefits, from boosting energy to preventing colds and flu鈥攐n social media ads targeting young people, while cancer charities link the sunbeds to rising melanoma cases among youth in the UK.   IN FOCUS Texas State Troopers prepare to disperse a crowd protesting Immigration and Customs Enforcement outside the South Texas Family Residential Center. January 28, Dilley, Texas. Joel Angel Juarez/Getty Deteriorating Health Conditions in Immigration Detention    As U.S. immigration detention centers expand under the Trump administration鈥檚 mass deportation campaign, detainees and health workers are reporting severe health and safety breakdowns鈥攊ncluding among children.     In Dilley, Texas: Families are being held for weeks or months at facilities like the Dilley Detention Center, . Despite legal limits on detaining minors, ~300 have been held for 20+ days.  

• Parents and children there report regular illness and limited medical attention. 鈥淐hildren with medical complaints frequently experience delays, dismissals, or lack of follow-up,鈥� reported nonprofit advocacy organization RAICES, which has logged ~700 reports of insufficient medical care since August 2025.  

• Others describe worsening mental health, with many children struggling with depression and self-harm amid prolonged stays and lack of schooling.  

In Guant谩namo Bay, Cuba: Health workers describe similarly bleak conditions at Guant谩namo Bay, where hundreds of immigrants are held, ~90% of them deemed low-risk, . 

• U.S. Public Health Service officers describe inadequate care, overcrowding, and dark, windowless cells. Several have resigned, saying they cannot serve under such conditions.  

• 鈥淧ublic health officers are being asked to facilitate a man-made humanitarian crisis,鈥� said nurse Rebekah Stewart, who resigned from the service. 

Related: 鈥淚 Have Been Here Too Long鈥�: Read Letters from the Children Detained at ICE鈥檚 Dilley Facility 鈥�   DATA POINT

91%
鈥斺赌斺赌�
Share of Americans across the political spectrum who agree it is important for the U.S. to be a global leader in science and technology; 63% expressed willingness to pay $1 more per week in taxes in support of medical and health research. 鈥� MENTAL HEALTH The Struggle to Keep Mobile Crisis Teams in Action     Over the last decade, U.S. communities have increasingly turned to mobile crisis teams to respond to psychiatric emergencies rather than dispatching law enforcement.  

• A  found that there are ~1,800 mobile teams nationwide, providing people with therapeutic care and helping them avoid jail or the ER.  

But financial support remains tenuous: Many are funded by unreliable grants or insufficient Medicaid payments鈥攆orcing programs to shrink or close.     Seeking funding fixes: A handful of states now require private insurers to cover mobile crisis calls or have levied other fees to help cover the programs, but advocates warn closures will continue without reliable, long-term funding.  

• 鈥淎 much-needed service is available and then not available, available and then not available,鈥� said Sierra Riesberg, director of the Behavioral Health Alliance of Montana. 

  SPONSORED Cells to Society: The Building Blocks of a Public Health Career    Explore public health at your own pace with the first four courses in a series of 12 non-credit learning experiences from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Designed for those interested in public health careers, these flexible courses build foundational knowledge in key areas and deepen professional skillsets.     CORRECTION IOU a Correction
We incorrectly spelled out IOM in our top story yesterday, about a ; IOM stands for the International Organization for Migration. Thanks to a sharp-eyed reader for setting us straight!  QUICK HITS In Sudan, sick and starving children 鈥榳asting away鈥� 鈥�   
India sticks to e-cigarette ban in snub for Philip Morris 鈥�     Landmark settlement could create new protections for harm reduction under disability law 鈥�     Film series memorializing the AIDS epidemic provides 'chilling parallels' to today 鈥�     Dozens of researchers will move to France from US following high-profile bid to lure talent 鈥�     Benjamin Korinek: Why global health shouldn鈥檛 be political 鈥�      FDA to reassess the safety of BHA, a preservative used in popular snack foods 鈥�     Affordable microscope speeds up malaria diagnosis with AI 鈥� Issue No. 2862
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96 Global Health NOW: Health Crisis in Gaza; and Supporting Breastfeeding Mothers in South Africa February 10, 2026 TOP STORIES 53 refugees and migrants from several African countries died after their boat capsized in the Mediterranean Sea off Libya鈥檚 coast last Friday; the International Office for Migration reports that at least 375 people have been reported dead or missing in January.   
  The Trump administration plans to cut $600 million in public health funding in four Democrat-led states鈥擟alifornia, Colorado, Illinois, and Minnesota; the programs, deemed 鈥渋nconsistent with agency priorities,鈥� include HIV prevention and surveillance and disease outbreak management.   
  Mexico state officials announced stepped-up health screening and face mask recommendations in schools for the area, which borders Mexico City, in response to a spreading measles outbreak; the country had 2,143 confirmed cases and nearly 6,000 suspected cases as of last Friday, with the western state of Jalisco hardest hit.  
  The U.S. National Cancer Institute is investigating ivermectin as a possible cancer treatment, despite the lack of new evidence of the antiparasitic drug鈥檚 anti-cancer potential; 鈥淚 am shocked and appalled,鈥� one NCI scientist said.   IN FOCUS Palestinian patients prepare for evacuation to Egypt at the Red Cross Hospital. Khan Yunis, Gaza, February 2. Abed Rahim Khatib/Anadolu via Getty Health Crisis in Gaza     Clashes over WHO reporting and the health situation in Gaza continue months after a U.S.-brokered ceasefire raised hopes for reconstruction and improved health. 

• The WHO鈥檚 Executive Board voted down Israel鈥檚 proposal last week to consolidate the twice-annual health reports on the occupied Palestinian Territories, .   

The fierce debate exposed different perspectives on access to medical evacuation: 

• 18,000 patients, including 4,000 children, have life-threatening conditions and need evacuation, according to Saudi Arabia鈥檚 delegate.  

• Israel responded that it had approved the departure of thousands of Palestinians, but other countries weren鈥檛 accepting enough patients.  

Health situation:  

• Delegates described 90% of hospitals destroyed, 1,600 health workers killed, inadequate sanitation, and extensive disease risks.  

• Israel called such reports outdated and distorted. 

Older people at risk:   

• 68% of 400+ older Gazans surveyed said they had reduced or stopped chronic disease treatment because of access problems, .  

• 76% of respondents report living in tents. 

Individual stories: 

• A kidney disease patient  about the difficulty of getting medicines and care in Gaza.    

• An Israeli court on Feb. 8 turned down an appeal that would have allowed a 5-year-old cancer patient into Israel for treatment, . 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES NEGLECTED DISEASES   Nigeria鈥檚 Fatal Antivenom Shortfall     The death of a high-profile Nigerian singer from a snakebite has ignited widespread outrage over the country鈥檚 inadequate supply of antivenom and the need for a national snakebite strategy, .    All-too-common tragedy: 26-year-old Nigerian singer Ifunanya Nwangene died at a hospital in the capital Abuja because the facility did not have the proper antivenom to treat her鈥攁 scenario public health experts say is disturbingly frequent in the country.  

• Nigeria records ~43,000 snakebites and ~1,900 related deaths each year. Meanwhile, ~50% of Nigerian health facilities lack the capacity to treat snakebite envenoming, .  

• Supply chain breakdowns, high treatment costs, and inadequately trained personnel have contributed to a scourge of avoidable deaths, .  

Call to action: Public health groups have urged government investment in antivenom stocks; free or subsidized antivenom; and local antivenom production to curb what the WHO describes as an 鈥渆ntirely preventable鈥� crisis.  MATERNAL HEALTH   Supporting Breastfeeding Mothers in South Africa 
Women employed as domestic workers in South Africa often face a wrenching dilemma shortly after giving birth: Return to work at their employer鈥檚 home without their baby, or lose their job. 

• Many women in this position are unable to breastfeed their babies, which the WHO recommends for the first six months, depriving them of numerous health benefits. 

Untapped resource: South Africa鈥檚 Unemployment Insurance Fund could help with partially paid maternity leave for up to four months. But just 20% of people register their domestic workers for the fund.    Maternal grants? Maternal health advocates have been pushing for a monthly maternity payment for low-income pregnant women from mid-pregnancy to three months after birth.     OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS By Slashing Foreign Aid, Trump Is Fueling the Spread of HIV in Uganda 鈥�      First human trials of locally-developed HIV jab begin in South Africa 鈥�     South Korea will boost medical school admissions to tackle physician shortage 鈥�     Traditional food could help reverse Nepal鈥檚 鈥榙iabetes epidemic鈥�, studies suggest 鈥�     What Happens When Midwives Lead Abortion Care: Lessons from Sweden 鈥�      2 to 3 Cups of Coffee a Day May Reduce Dementia Risk. But Not if It鈥檚 Decaf. 鈥�     Olympic COVID restrictions are gone, but some athletes are still self-quarantining 鈥�   Issue No. 2861
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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96 Global Health NOW: Life After Leprosy; and Few Resources for Migrating Minors February 9, 2026 TOP STORIES

Landmines and other explosives that are remnants of war in Afghanistan killed ~92 people and injured 379 others last year; more than two-thirds of the victims were children, per the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan.

A USAID division cut by the Trump administration, Development Innovation Ventures, was revived last week as an independent nonprofit: the DIV fund, which will continue the former program鈥檚 mission to fund and support international interventions, thanks to $48 million in private donor funding. 

Burundi has signed a bilateral agreement with the U.S. as a part of the ongoing rollout of the America First Global Health Strategy, which will result in $129 million in funding from the U.S. State Department over five years to support HIV/AIDS and malaria initiatives, and in Burundi increasing its domestic health funding by $26 million over the same time span. 

After facing years of litigation, U.S. chemical company Corteva will stop producing Enlist Duo, an herbicide containing a 鈥渢oxic cocktail鈥� of the Agent Orange chemical 2,4-D and glyphosate鈥攚hich have both been linked to cancer and ecological harm; Corteva will still use 2,4-D in another of its products, Enlist One. 

IN FOCUS A woman looks out of her living quarters in a leprosy colony in New Delhi, on March 11, 2015. Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Life After Leprosy 
At leprosy colonies throughout India, people who have long been cured of the disease continue to live and thrive inside the communities鈥攁 testament to the support systems there, and to the stigma that persists outside, .
  India is home to ~750 leprosy colonies today, where tens of thousands of former patients, their children, and grandchildren live.  

• The colonies have long been places of exile: People who contracted the disease were segregated and forced to live in deep poverty and isolation. 

But today, leprosy is easily treated: The disease, also known as Hansen鈥檚 disease, can be cured with antibiotics; with attentive care, patients with nerve damage, amputations, and foot lesions are able to live fully. 

• ~173,000 new leprosy cases were reported globally in 2024, .  

Communities of care: Meanwhile, conditions at the colonies have vastly improved over the years. Beyond medical care and housing, many also provide education and microfinancing systems.    But stigma remains strong, hampering reintegration efforts. Many former patients and their families still face job discrimination and social exclusion鈥� 鈥渨hich can be more problematic than the disease itself,鈥� said Yohei Sasakawa, WHO Goodwill Ambassador for Leprosy Elimination.  GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES Related: FGM Laws Protect Girls. Who Heals the Women? 鈥�  DATA POINT

4 million+
鈥斺赌斺赌斺赌斺赌斺赌�
Girls still at risk of female genital mutilation. 鈥� HEALTH SURVEILLANCE Few Resources for Migrating Minors    Children and juveniles migrating north through Mexico live in 鈥減recarious and unsafe鈥� conditions, both in their place of origin and on their journey鈥攚ith ongoing barriers to medical care, finds a 2024 study of 200 minors.     A range of adversities: Many children experience deterioration in their physical and mental health during transit, as they encounter 鈥減ersecution, coercion, violence, and discrimination, as well as unsanitary living and transit conditions, food insecurity, and exposure to environmental hazards,鈥� per the study.     A need for interventions: Researchers described a need for sustainable health and psychological programs for children at migratory shelters鈥揳nd called for more civil society-led mobile clinics.       QUICK HITS Newly obtained emails undermine RFK Jr.'s testimony about 2019 Samoa trip before measles outbreak 鈥�  
  鈥楾ake the vaccine, please,鈥� Dr Oz urges amid rising measles cases in US 鈥�  
China criticizes U.S. for WHO pullout, accusing it of sidestepping international law 鈥�     Argentina: No Withdrawal from Pan American Health Organization 鈥� Despite Leaving WHO 鈥�     Women鈥檚 Preferences for Home-Based Self-Sampling or Clinic-Based Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening 鈥�     Federal Vaccine Advisers Take Aim at Covid Shots 鈥�     CDC study highlights growing threat of invasive E coli 鈥�     Inside the quest to make a safer football helmet 鈥�    Issue No. 2860
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Going on the Offensive Against Cholera; and Best in Show, First in Our Hearts February 5, 2026 TOP STORIES A South Sudan hospital has been hit by a government air strike, says M茅decins Sans Fronti猫res, which runs the facility; the attack in Lankien, Jonglei state, marks the tenth attack in 12 months on MSF-run medical facilities in the country amid a resurgence in fighting between soldiers and a coalition of opposition forces.    
Raw milk has been linked to the listeria death of a newborn in New Mexico, per state officials, who say that 鈥渢he most likely source of infection was unpasteurized milk鈥� the mother consumed during pregnancy.      Researchers identified a genetic mutation that helps malaria-spreading Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes resist pyrethroids鈥攖he main insecticides used to treat bednets; the research, led by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and Cameroon鈥檚 Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, also developed a DNA test to track the mutation across West and Central Africa.     A new rapid test can identify bacteria and effective antibiotics to use against them in just 36 minutes, per a study published in 鈥攁 key tactic to fight antimicrobial resistance, say researchers.   IN FOCUS A member of the Syria Immunization Team holds cholera vaccination ampoules in Sarmada, Syria, on March 7, 2023. Anas Alkharboutli/picture alliance via Getty Going on the Offensive Against Cholera 
Preventive cholera vaccination programs will restart globally after a ~4-year hiatus鈥攁 signal that the global supply has seen significant recovery after critical vaccine shortages, .  

• 鈥淕lobal vaccine shortages forced us into a cycle of reacting to cholera outbreaks instead of preventing them. We are now in a stronger position to break that cycle,鈥� said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.  

Depletion: Preventive campaigns paused in 2022 amidst a global cholera surge that drove up demand for oral cholera vaccine stocks.  

• That surge continues: 600,000+ cholera cases and ~7,600 deaths were reported to WHO last year鈥攚ith children most at risk.  

• Last month alone, 11,965 new cholera cases, and 126 new deaths globally were .  

Replenishment: Today, global supply of oral cholera vaccine has doubled from ~35 million doses in 2022 to ~70 million in 2025鈥攁 result of collaborative efforts by global agencies, manufacturers, and other stakeholders to expand production, .     Strategy: 20 million doses are being deployed at the outset, with 3.6 million doses delivered to Mozambique, where flooding has damaged water systems and heightened cholera risk for 700,000+ people, .  

• 6.1 million doses have been sent to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and 10.3 million to Bangladesh鈥攐ther high-risk regions. 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES HIV/AIDS A Lifesaving Drug鈥擲oon Out of Reach   Thousands of people with HIV in Florida are expected to lose access to critical HIV medications after the state鈥檚 abrupt decision to severely restrict eligibility for its AIDS Drug Assistance Program on March 1. 

• The income cap for benefits will be drastically lowered, putting medication out of reach for ~16,000 people.  

Lost subsidies, big impact: Officials say the cuts are driven by rising costs, reduced federal funding, and this year鈥檚 expiration of Affordable Care Act subsidies鈥攚hich is already spiking patients鈥� insurance costs.     Doctors and advocates warn that the restrictions could lead to more patients falling through the cracks and further viral spread.  

• 鈥淚t鈥檚 terrifying,鈥� said Tori Samuel, a mother of three who has relied on the program for decades.  

  CORRECTION A Key Distinction

In our summary yesterday about cancer prevention, the projected 50% rise  is in cancer cases, not rates. We regret the error.  

ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION Best in Show, First in Our Hearts     God loves a terrier. It is a truth  crooned by legendary Norwich terrier owner Cookie Fleck, played by Catherine O鈥橦ara in the 2000 mockumentary Best in Show.     But before the terrier group was judged Tuesday night at the 150th Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, all the love was focused on O鈥橦ara herself, who died last week at 71鈥攁s organizers paid tribute to the actor with a video montage on the Madison Square Garden jumbotron, .    The tribute reflected just how beloved the film and O鈥橦ara have become in that subculture, even though both 鈥済ently lampooned eccentricities and intensity鈥� of dog shows.  

• 鈥淭he first time I watched it, I was highly insulted,鈥� said David Fitzpatrick, this year鈥檚 best in show judge. 鈥淭hen I watched it again and I started thinking, 鈥極h my God, they really have some of us pegged.鈥欌�� 

This year鈥檚 top dog was Penny the Doberman pinscher鈥攚hose owner listed her favorite snacks as 鈥渆verything,鈥� . We love a relatable winner.  OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS 鈥榃e are dying鈥�: Gaza鈥檚 cancer patients plead for a way out 鈥�     New Nipah-like bat virus in Bangladesh is becoming more deadly, scientists warn 鈥�     Study ties particle pollution from wildfire smoke to 24,100 US deaths per year 鈥�      RIP Nick White, 1951-2026 鈥�  Thanks for the tip, Michael Macdonald!    How the new dietary guidelines could impact school meals 鈥�     New York City partners with WHO as U.S. withdraws from global effort 鈥�     Texas jails have more than 400 pregnant inmates monthly. The state is trying to understand what happens to them. 鈥�     Open-source AI program can answer science questions better than humans 鈥�    Issue No. 2859
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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96 Global Health NOW: New Insights into Cancer Prevention; and Could Fish Farming Help Fight Schistosomiasis February 4, 2026 TOP STORIES Serious side effects and high cost have hindered the rollout of the first chikungunya vaccine, IXCHIQ, produced by French manufacturer Valneva, and shifted focus to a newer vaccine, Vimkunya, produced by Danish drugmaker Bavarian Nordic, which is expected to be safer for vulnerable groups.     Long COVID in children will be studied more closely in three clinical trials launching this year, including the largest pediatric long COVID trial to date鈥攚hich will recruit 1,300 children, teens, and young adults for a randomized placebo-controlled trial of low-dose naltrexone to treat fatigue.  /     The American Society of Plastic Surgeons has recommended that surgeons delay 鈥済ender-related breast/chest, genital, and facial surgery鈥� until a patient is 19 years old, , saying that there is 鈥渓ow certainty鈥� in the risk-benefit ratio for such surgical interventions for children and adolescents.     The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services unveiled a $100 million pilot program to address homelessness and addiction in eight cities this week, including expanded funding for faith-based substance use treatment.   IN FOCUS: WORLD CANCER DAY A health worker administers an HPV vaccine to a girl during a HPV vaccination drive against cervical cancer in Karachi, Pakistan. September 24, 2025. Rizwan Tabassum/AFP via Getty New Insights into Cancer Prevention    Nearly 4 in 10 cancer cases worldwide are potentially preventable,  ahead of World Cancer Day today, .     What that means: ~7.1 million cancer cases in 2022 were linked to preventable causes per the analysis by the WHO and its International Agency for Research on Cancer, which looked at dozens of cancer types in ~200 countries and considered 30 modifiable risk factors including tobacco, alcohol, air pollution, and occupational exposure to toxins, .      Leading risk factors: Tobacco smoking was the leading contributor to cases (15%), followed by infections like HPV (10%) and alcohol (3%).     Zooming in: Preventable cancers were more common in men (45%) than women (30%), .  

• In men, smoking was the leading risk factor, accounting for ~25% of the 4.3 million preventable cancer cases, and was the leading cause of cancer in men living in both low- and high-income regions.  

• In women, infections such as HPV were leading drivers, especially in low- and middle-income regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa.  

Key takeaways: Tailoring interventions鈥攍ike tobacco control or vaccination campaigns鈥攖o regional risk patterns could significantly cut global cancer rates, which have been projected to rise 50%+ by 2045, . 

• 鈥淎ddressing these preventable causes represents one of the most powerful opportunities to reduce the global cancer burden,鈥� senior study author Isabelle Soerjomataram told the BBC. 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES NEGLECTED DISEASES Fish Farming to Help Fight Schistosomiasis?   Researchers are testing a new approach to curb the parasitic disease schistosomiasis through a new intervention: snail-eating fish.     Background: Each year, 250 million+ people globally are treated for schistosomiasis, a disease transmitted through water contaminated by a parasite carried by snails. 

• In places like Senegal, rice farmers are especially vulnerable, as they work in flooded fields where snails thrive.  

Sustainable solution? A pilot project led by Stanford University researchers will help rice farmers integrate native African catfish aquaculture as a potential way to curb the snail population.  

• The hope is that catfish will help with snail control鈥攁nd provide an added food source.  

  OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS 鈥楤iblical Diseases鈥� Could Resurge in Africa, Health Officials Fear 鈥� 

A Year of Disruption: 5 Resources to Understand Foreign Aid Cuts 鈥� 

'Efficacy will be secondary': RFK Jr.'s vaccine advisers have a new mission 鈥� 

US government concerns over key vaccine ingredient are not based on science 鈥�

Nigerian women and contraceptives: study finds big gaps between the haves and the have-nots 鈥� 

Why scientists are so excited about a nasal spray vaccine for bird flu 鈥�     The Secret Weapon in Canada鈥檚 Sewers: As America takes an axe to its health data, expanding wastewater surveillance could save lives 鈥�     鈥楥lean air should not be a privilege鈥�: how Bogot谩 is tackling air pollution in its poorest areas 鈥�   Issue No. 2858
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: 9 Million Deaths May Follow Aid Cuts Plus: Egypt鈥檚 Child Health Gains Jeopardized February 3, 2026 TOP STORIES Ultra-processed foods are more similar to cigarettes than other foods and should be regulated as such, according to  that highlights how both products encourage addiction and are marketed to maximize consumption.  

Young people in Ontario are being diagnosed with psychotic disorders more frequently compared to their older peers, according to a  from the Canadian province; studies from and have identified a similar trend.

An emerging bat-borne virus, Pteropine orthoreovirus, was discovered in stored throat swabs and viral cultures of five patients thought to be infected with Nipah virus, ; the patients, hospitalized from December 2022 to March 2023, had eaten raw date palm sap, a route of NiV spillover. 

Lead exposure among a small group of people in Utah is 100X lower today than in the 1960s, ; researchers relied partly on an unconventional source: hair clippings from 100-year-old scrapbooks.  IN FOCUS Pharmacist Joseph Njer Airo inspects boxes of antiretroviral drugs labeled "USAID," at Migosi Sub-county Hospital, in Kisumu, Kenya, on April 24, 2025. Michel Lunanga/Getty Images 9 Million Deaths May Follow Aid Cuts 
If current trends in global health funding cuts continue, 9.4 million excess deaths will occur by 2030,  published in The Lancet Global Health yesterday. That鈥檚 the 鈥渕ild鈥� scenario. 

Worst case: A 鈥渟evere鈥� scenario based on even greater funding cuts would lead to 22.6 million additional deaths by 2030, per Barcelona Institute for Global Health researchers and colleagues. 

What鈥檚 at stake? HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis, as well as hunger, may resurge across the globe, .  

• 鈥淚t is the dismantling of an architecture that took 80 years to build,鈥� said Rockefeller Foundation President and former USAID chief Rajiv Shah. 鈥淭he scale of the cuts and the scale of the reduction far outstrip the scale of philanthropy to step in and solve the problem.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;

Flashback: Development assistance was associated with declines of 70% in HIV/AIDS, 56% for malaria, and 56% for nutritional deficiencies from 2002 to 2021, per the study. 

Meanwhile in Geneva: Despite funding cuts, the WHO has 85% of funds needed for its current biennium budget, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus told the 158th Executive Board meeting, .
 

Related: 

This global health leader praises Trump's aid plan 鈥� and gears up to beat malaria 鈥� 

Days After US Leaves WHO, Israel Warns it Faces Pressure to Withdraw 鈥� 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES CHILD MORTALITY  Egypt鈥檚 Child Health Gains Jeopardized 
Egypt made major strides in children鈥檚 health outcomes in the last three decades鈥攃utting child mortality from 108 deaths per 1,000 children under 5 in 1988, to 26 deaths per 1,000 in 2024 through policies including:  

• School-based insurance that helped families access medical care and medicine.  

• Vaccine coverage, especially for polio, diphtheria, whooping cough, and measles.  

• Widespread hepatitis C screening.  

But that progress is threatened as economic turmoil and post-pandemic fallout lead to care setbacks, including: 

• A physician exodus, with ~18,000 doctors resigning since 2019 due to low pay.  

• Hospital bed shortages. 

• Pandemic disruptions in maternal care, which led to a spike in C-sections and prematurity.  

SPONSORED Cells to Society: The Building Blocks of a Public Health Career 
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  Indonesia Delays Sugary Drink Taxes, Yet Again 鈥�  
Eye Protection for Tear Gas and other Hazards: A Protest Safety Guide 鈥�  Thanks for the tip, Cecilia Meisner!    2 or more alcoholic drinks a day linked to 91% higher colorectal cancer risk 鈥�  Thanks for the tip, Xiadong Cai!     Why scientists are so excited about a nasal spray vaccine for bird flu 鈥�   Issue No. 2857
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Measles Strengthens Its U.S. Foothold; and Pregnant, Breastfeeding, and Detained by ICE February 2, 2026 TOP STORIES The 10 Guinea worm infection cases reported last year鈥撯赌揷onfined to three countries: Chad, Ethiopia, and South Sudan鈥撯赌搈ark a historic low and a 33% decline from 2024鈥檚 15 cases.     An autism advisory panel to the U.S. government has been overhauled by HHS Sec. Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who replaced members of the panel with outspoken activists who say vaccines are linked to autism.     Pancreatic tumors were eliminated in mice through a triple combination therapy administered , which found that the therapy prevented tumor recurrence and may point the way to new clinical trials for treating pancreatic cancer.     Severe acute pancreatitis has been linked with GLP-1 injections, a UK medication regulator has warned; while the risk is small, the guidance was updated after 1,143 cases of acute and chronic pancreatitis were reported in 2025 among patients taking semaglutide or tirzepatide.   IN FOCUS Parkside Pediatrics providers Chandler Hash (left) and Nathan Heffington assess a patient with measles symptoms in Spartanburg, SC, on January 30. The Washington Post via Getty Measles Strengthens Its U.S. Foothold    U.S. doctors are learning to recognize a disease most have encountered only in textbooks as measles strengthens its grip nationwide鈥攊ncluding in South Carolina, which is now home to the largest U.S. measles outbreak since the disease was eliminated 25+ years ago, .     South Carolina鈥檚 outbreak has surpassed the case count of last year鈥檚 outbreak in West Texas and now includes 840+ infections鈥攎ostly among unvaccinated children and adults in the Spartanburg area. Hundreds have quarantined for weeks, and ~19 have been hospitalized, .     Wider U.S. risks: The outbreak has already seeded cases in states as close as North Carolina and as far away as Washington鈥攃ontributing to 500+ U.S. cases in January alone, and imperiling the country鈥檚 measles-free status as plunging vaccination rates create pockets where the virus can rapidly spread.  

• 鈥淚 don鈥檛 see a clear end to this,鈥� said epidemiologist Scott Thorpe, who runs the nonprofit Southern Alliance for Public Health Leadership. 

Outbreak at ICE detention center: Meanwhile, in Texas, 鈥渁ll movement鈥� has been halted at an ICE detention facility for families in Dilley after two measles infections were confirmed, .  

• The facility, which holds about ~1,200 people, including 400+ children, has already been scrutinized for its medical care of detained families, including a child hospitalized after symptoms of appendicitis went undiagnosed, 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES Related: Violations of medical neutrality during protests in Iran 鈥�   HUMAN RIGHTS Pregnant, Breastfeeding, and Detained by ICE    An increasing number of pregnant, postpartum, and nursing women are among those detained in ICE detention facilities, which are unequipped to provide them with adequate care, say lawmakers and immigration rights activists.      One case: Cecil Elvir-Quinonez, a mother of two who came to the U.S. as a child, learned of her third pregnancy while in custody in a Louisiana facility.  

• She has not had routine prenatal care, despite complications that include heavy bleeding, advocates say. And one of her children was still breastfeeding. 

• 鈥淭he fact that parents aren鈥檛 with the kids, that she鈥檚 breastfeeding an infant, pregnant and having complications鈥攖hose kinds of things are not being looked at or considered as relevant鈥攊t鈥檚 inhumane from my perspective,鈥� said immigration lawyer Kerry Doyle.  

    Related: Children with disabilities particularly vulnerable to Minneapolis ICE crackdown 鈥�   OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS 鈥榊ou take what you can and run鈥�: families describe harrowing journey to escape fighting in DRC 鈥� 
  Michelle A. Williams: The EPA just erased a century of public health progress 鈥�

EU sets toxin limit amid global infant formula recalls 鈥�     2 or more alcoholic drinks a day linked to 91% higher colorectal cancer risk 鈥�  Thanks for the tip, Xiaodong Cai!

Converging global crises and the re-emergence of neglected tropical diseases: the case of noma 鈥�      David Wallace-Wells: The Real Reason MAHA Hates Vaccines 鈥�  Thanks for the tip, Dave Cundiff!     It鈥檚 freezing cold and you鈥檝e lost power. Here鈥檚 what emergency doctors want you to do 鈥�      Helping with grandkids may slow cognitive decline 鈥�  Issue No. 2856
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Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Reproductive Care Collapses in Afghanistan Plus: Time to Chart a New Path to Africa鈥檚 Malaria-Free Future January 29, 2026 TOP STORIES Malaria deaths could spike to half a million across Africa over the next 25 years due to climate change, 鈥攚hich finds that shifting and extreme weather patterns could lead to an additional 123 million malaria cases across the continent.     Two animal-borne pathogens pose a growing threat to humans, warns a new ; the viruses, influenza D virus and canine coronavirus, have been 鈥渇lying under the radar,鈥� but conditions are shifting that have improved their capacity to spread among humans, researchers say.     HPV screening rates among underserved groups in Australia were 鈥渟ubstantially boosted鈥� through cervical sample self-collection programs, ; participation was especially high among women who were 10+ years overdue for screening and those living in very remote areas.     Twice-yearly PrEP is slowly becoming more accessible to people in the U.S., as insurers gradually agree to cover the high-cost drug, Yeztugo鈥攁n injection of the drug lenacapavir.  IN FOCUS Farida, 30, a midwife, monitors pregnant women close to delivering, at the provincial hospital's maternity department, on August 27, 2025, in Ghazni, Afghanistan. Elise Blanchard/Getty Images Reproductive Care Collapses in Afghanistan 
Women in Afghanistan increasingly have nowhere to turn to prevent pregnancies or find basic prenatal services, as the country鈥檚 reproductive care system deteriorates under the Taliban.     Birth control banned: The  started in 2023, with contraceptives swiftly disappearing from shelves and doctors forbidden from dispensing them鈥攅ven for women whose lives could be threatened by pregnancy.     Clinic closed: Clinics accused of violating the Taliban鈥檚 orders face risk of closure; doctors have also been forced to close their doors after the sudden drop in international aid last year. 

• 440+ hospitals and clinics have closed or reduced services in Afghanistan in the last year, . 

• Since then, women have been left largely to fend for themselves, with minimal to no prenatal care amid risky pregnancies, complications, and miscarriages.  

Dangers at home: Meanwhile, medical workers say most of the pregnant women they see are malnourished, and many women miscarry because of domestic violence and overwork.     The quote: 鈥淭hey broke her with fear, pregnancies and violence,鈥� said the mother of one 36-year-old woman who has slipped into a "permanent state of confusion鈥� after nine pregnancies and six miscarriages.     GHN EXCLUSIVE COMMENTARY Faith, 3, vaccinated in the world's first malaria vaccine (RTS, S) pilot program, plays at home in Mukuli, Kenya, on March 7, 2023. Yasuyoshi Chiba/AFP via Getty Images Time to Chart a New Path to Africa鈥檚 Malaria-Free Future
As wealthy countries cut assistance and malaria surges in parts of Africa, the continent鈥檚 leaders must chart a new path to a malaria-free future, write Corine Karema, Francine Ntoumi, and Garry Aslanyan . 

• The recent dramatic reduction in aid is disrupting core activities like disease surveillance, supply chains for medicines, and delivery of care.   

A leadership moment: Africa needs to invest more of its own resources. Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, and Uganda are taking steps to increase their health budgets. It鈥檚 time to accelerate those gains, the authors argue.      奥丑补迟鈥檚&苍产蝉辫;苍别别诲别诲:&苍产蝉辫;&苍产蝉辫;

• All governments where malaria is endemic should have national elimination plans. 

• African institutions should set priorities, align partners around national plans, and demand accountability for results.  

• The African Union and other organizations can help coordinate efforts at the regional level, keeping malaria high on the political agenda. 

• Malaria programs need to engage other programs鈥攍ike routine immunization, antenatal care, and community outreach鈥攖o get the newly approved malaria vaccines RTS,S and R21/ Matrix鈥揗 to people.   

The takeaway: Eliminating malaria can become, they write, a defining story of African leadership that safeguards lives for generations.
  OPPORTUNITY Wellbeing With AI: What's Possible? 
Join the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Mental Health for an urgent discussion on the risks, benefits, and practical applications of AI in mental health care. Laura Reiley, whose , will share her story. 

She will be joined by Thomas Insel, who formerly served as director of the National Institute of Mental Health and more recently led the Mental Health team at Verily (formerly known as Google Life Sciences), and Holly Wilcox, director and founder of the Johns Hopkins Center for Suicide Prevention.

The livestream of the event is open to the public, but registration is required. You will receive a link to the livestream with your registration confirmation.

• Monday, February 2, 2026, 12 p.m.鈥�1:30 p.m. EST

ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION Talk About the Weather
Year after year, epic snowstorms prove that behind every winter weather report is a comedian waiting in the wings. This week was no different across the U.S., with reporters and officials resorting to jokes and light shaming to keep people indoors.     A sampling:     鈥淥PERATION BREAD AND MILK:鈥� The  to chill out on hoarding supplies. 鈥淲e鈥檝e already seen the frantic look in your eyes,鈥� they wrote. 鈥淵ou are 鈥� not launching a three-year mission to Mars.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;    鈥淧ark it on the couch,鈥� Kansas City, Missouri. The local fire department 鈥攐r people trying to squeeze in a mani-pedi: 鈥� Hush Jessica.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;    These gems are important reminders of iconic past weather reports:     An anchorman鈥檚 鈥�.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;A reporter delivered breaking updates using a rubber chicken for reference, and struggled to make a snow angel. 鈥淚s it great snowman snow? No, man, no.鈥� Cincinnati, Ohio, 2025    鈥淗onestly the hardest I鈥檝e ever worked.鈥� A  named Big Papi. Manchester, New Hampshire, 2022     鈥淥h, boy.鈥� Less forecast, more Shakespearean monologue. A local weatherman warned that our 鈥溾�� Baltimore, Maryland, 2010   QUICK HITS Radical changes could be coming to 鈥榩sychiatry鈥檚 bible鈥� 鈥�   
 
Risk of maternal death during pregnancy greatly underestimated, study finds 鈥�  
 
鈥楻ise in insecurity, hostile environment affecting NTDs programme鈥� 鈥�  
 
Tanzania Among Seven Countries Included in the New Network to Strengthen Collaborative Disease Surveillance 鈥�  
 
On Public Health and Human Rights in Minneapolis 鈥�  
 
Eating snow cones or snow cream can be a winter delight, if done safely 鈥�  Issue No. 2855
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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96 Global Health NOW: Grasping for Hope as Haiti Unravels; and Volunteer Vector Control in Bangladesh January 28, 2026 TOP STORIES The U.S. maternal syphilis rate spiked 28% from 2022 to 2024, ; the latest uptick is part of a worsening trend that has involved a 200%+ rise in maternal syphilis over the past decade, which is leading to a surge of congenital syphilis in infants.     The Trump administration has directed Gavi to eliminate vaccines containing the preservative thimerosal as a precondition for continued funding; anti-vaccine groups have claimed that thimerosal causes autism, despite scientific evidence to the contrary.  
Humanity鈥檚 risk of self-annihilation is closer than ever, say scientists who set the symbolic 鈥淒oomsday Clock鈥� to 85 seconds to catastrophe yesterday鈥攏oting existential threats including nuclear war, climate change, risks of artificial intelligence, and biological disaster.     The WHO has issued global guidance for school lunches鈥攍imiting sugars, saturated fats, and sodium, while expanding pulses and whole grains; the agency says it will provide technical assistance to support countries in meeting the goal.   IN FOCUS A person walks past cars burned and used as a barricade by armed gangs during clashes last week with Haitian security forces in Port-au-Prince. January 16. Clarens Siffroy/AFP via Getty Grasping for Hope as Haiti Unravels     Violence continues to roil Haiti as powerful gangs clash with state police鈥攄isplacing civilians, gutting health care, and precipitating an ongoing exodus of foreign aid that the country has long depended on. 
  Continued escalation: 100+ violence victims have been treated in Port-au-Prince in just two weeks, 鈥攐ne of the few groups still providing medical care amid attacks from gangs, which control ~90% of the capital and have displaced more than 1.4 million people. 

• In 2025, 686 patients with violence-related injuries were admitted to MSF鈥檚 Tabarre Hospital. 47 were children under 14. 

Foreign aid falters: Dwindling aid has deepened the country鈥檚 security crises, including USAID cuts last year that canceled vital water restoration and earthquake reconstruction projects. 

• The aid exodus has also revealed the scale of national institutions鈥� dependence on foreign aid鈥攕omething local leaders say must change, .

Local resilience: As international aid retreats, small-scale solutions and interventions are cropping up, including grassroots water infrastructure projects and a gang rehabilitation and job training center known as Haiti Teen Challenge.     No safe haven in the U.S.: Temporary Protective Status for Haitians is set to expire on Feb. 3, endangering ~350,000 Haitians鈥� U.S. legal status and livelihoods in the country, .   GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES MOSQUITO-BORNE DISEASES Volunteer Vector Control in Bangladesh    In Bangladesh, thousands of volunteers are taking mosquito control into their own hands, organizing weekly cleanups to collect trash from city streets and clear polluted waterways.     Background: Amid rapid population growth in cities like Dhaka, waterway pollution has increased and daily waste piles up. 

• The trash, combined with rainier, hotter weather, creates ideal breeding conditions for mosquitoes. 

Grassroots response: A youth-led clean-up movement, Bangladesh Clean, was formed 10 years ago. The group has now grown to 50,000+ volunteers.  

• 鈥淲e are trying to change people鈥檚 mindset,鈥� said university student Umme Kulsum Siddiki Brishti.  

  OPPORTUNITY QUICK HITS South Carolina Is America鈥檚 New Measles Norm 鈥�    After Donations, Trump Administration Revoked Rule Requiring More Nursing Home Staff 鈥�     Antibiotic use in US meat production jumped 16% in 2024, report shows 鈥�     How 鈥榞as station drugs鈥� remain legal 鈥�      Being a night owl may not be great for your heart but you can do something about it 鈥�     What the Rise of AI Scientists May Mean for Human Research 鈥�     What 鈥楾he Office鈥� and other TV shows get wrong about CPR 鈥�   Issue No. 2854
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Measles Marches Across Europe; Tributes to William Foege; and Classifying Postpartum Psychosis January 27, 2026 TOP STORIES

Mozambique鈥檚 worst floods in decades are sparking fears of cholera and other threats; several people have been killed by crocodiles roaming waterlogged neighborhoods and 300,000+ have fled their homes. 

Airports in Thailand, Nepal, Taiwan and other Asian countries are stepping up health-screening measures after the confirmation of five Nipah virus cases in India鈥檚 West Bengal state, where ~100 people are quarantined following detection of the virus in a hospital last week. 

The prevalence of two proteins connected to inflammation and stress supports the 鈥渨eathering hypothesis鈥� that systemic racism accounts for much of the difference between the average life expectancy of Black and white adults, per a new study published in . 

Australia is enduring a brutal heat wave as temperatures near 50C (122F) in parts of the country today; no deaths have been reported, though three wildfires are burning in Victoria. 

IN FOCUS Luke Tanner, 7, receives the combined Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccination at Neath Port Talbot Hospital. South Wales, April 20, 2013. Geoff Caddick/AFP via Getty Measles Marches Across Europe    Six European countries officially lost their measles-free status鈥攁nd the U.S. is poised to follow鈥攁s the highly contagious virus resurges. 

• The WHO called for increased vaccination rates in the U.K., Spain, Austria, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan, the countries removed from the list of measles-free countries, . 

• European countries reported 127,000+ measles cases last year鈥攖he highest number since 1997, . 

What鈥檚 behind measles in the U.K.? It鈥檚 not just vaccine hesitancy. Difficulty accessing general practitioners, especially in dense urban areas, is a significant problem.  
  Meanwhile in the U.S.: The 2,400+ cases in the last year are the 鈥渃ost of doing business鈥� in a free country that has lots of global travelers, CDC principal deputy director Ralph Abraham told reporters last week, . 

• 鈥淲e have these communities that choose to be unvaccinated,鈥� Abraham said. 鈥淭hat鈥檚 their personal freedom.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;

• The measles-free status of the U.S. depends on proof that the virus 鈥渉as not circulated continuously in the nation for a year, between Jan. 20, 2025, and Jan. 20, 2026,鈥� Undark reports. Scientists are reviewing South Carolina, Utah, Arizona, and Texas outbreaks to determine if they are linked.   

• The research will be completed in approximately two months. 

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES: RIP BILL FOEGE More Tributes: 鈥� 鈥斺赌斺赌斺�� 鈥淲e lost a giant in public health today 鈥� His legacy is the antidote to today鈥檚 antiscience, anti-vaccine rhetoric.鈥� 鈥� 鈥撯赌搒haring William H. Foege, Key Figure in the Eradication of Smallpox, Dies at 89 鈥�

鈥� 鈥�if I remain in India, too much attention would be directed toward the external support that India received, and it is very important that recognition be given to the accomplishments of the hundreds of thousands of Indians who really did the work.鈥� 鈥�鈥撯赌揊oege on his decision to leave India after the country was certified to be free of smallpox, recounted in Madhukar Pai鈥檚 tribute: William H. Foege, Key Figure in the Eradication of Smallpox, Dies at 89 鈥�
鈥淚f you look at the simple metric of who has saved the most lives, he is right up there with the pantheon. Smallpox eradication has prevented hundreds of millions of deaths.鈥� 鈥撯赌�Tom Frieden, quoted in Leader in smallpox eradication, Dr. William Foege, dies at 89 鈥� MATERNAL HEALTH Classifying Postpartum Psychosis    As awareness of postpartum psychosis grows, U.S. psychiatrists are debating where the condition might fit into the DSM鈥攑sychiatry鈥檚 core diagnostic manual.    Background: Postpartum psychosis is a psychiatric disorder occurring in 1鈥�2 out of 1,000 births. Weeks after delivery, symptoms of the disorder in new mothers鈥攊ncluding those with no history of mental illness鈥攃an include paranoia or delusions. In the worst cases, it can lead to suicide or infanticide.    The debate: Advocates say a stand-alone DSM category would improve doctor training, research, and courts鈥� handling of such cases. 

• But experts can鈥檛 agree where in the manual the condition fits鈥攂ipolar, depressive, or psychotic disorder鈥攁nd they fear a flawed definition could lead to misguided treatment or coercive interventions. 

 Thanks for the tip, Peri Barest!    SPONSORED Cells to Society: The Building Blocks of a Public Health Career
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QUICK HITS Ethiopia Declares End of Marburg Outbreak That Killed Nine 鈥�      Tobacco companies win 鈥� again 鈥� in South Korean lawsuit over costs to treat sick smokers 鈥�     Russia Cuts Its Disability Count As War Against Ukraine Wounds Hundreds of Thousands 鈥�     Rejecting Decades of Science, Vaccine Panel Chair Says Polio and Other Shots Should Be Optional 鈥�     CDC Restores $5 Billion in Public Health Grants After 24-Hour Pause 鈥�  

Has the golden age of global health ended? The health takeaways from Davos 2026 鈥�     Ancient DNA Reveals Twisted Roots of Syphilis Go Back 5,500 Years 鈥�   Issue No. 2853
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Global Health sNOW Day January 26, 2026 Edmund Lowe Photography / Getty Creative Global Health SNOW Day
GHN is off today due to inclement weather and reduced operations at Johns Hopkins University. We plan to be back tomorrow with all the latest global health news! 鈥�Dayna Issue No. 2852
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: The U.S. Has Left the WHO. What Now? January 22, 2026 TOP STORIES An 鈥榚ra of global water bankruptcy鈥� is now in effect, with irreversible consequences that mean 鈥渕any regions are living beyond their hydrological means,鈥�  that calls for a shift from emergency thinking to long-term response and restructuring.  
 
Cardiovascular disease fatalities dropped in the U.S. by 2.7% between 2022 and 2023, 鈥攂ut heart disease and stroke are still the nation鈥檚 leading cause of death, accounting for more than a quarter of all deaths in the U.S. in 2023.   
 
An infant formula recall affecting 18 countries has been issued by French dairy company Lactalis after some batches were flagged for a dangerous toxin; the recall marks the third major infant formula recall this year following other contamination incidents from Nestl茅 and Danone.  
 
Maternal genetic factors may shed new light on common factors behind pregnancy loss, , which analyzed ~140,000 IVF embryos and found links between specific variations in a mother's DNA and their risk of miscarriage.    IN FOCUS A sign with the WHO logo outside their headquarters in Geneva, on August 17, 2020. Fabrice Coffrini/AFP via Getty Images The U.S. Has Left the WHO
The U.S. formally leaves the WHO today, completing a yearlong withdrawal process begun on President Trump鈥檚 first day in office in 2025, and leaving a budgetary crisis and ruptured global health security in its wake, .   
 
Global fallout: The loss of the U.S.鈥攐nce the WHO鈥檚 largest donor鈥攈as led the agency to make deep budget cuts and plan layoffs for nearly a quarter of its staff. 

• These losses, combined with the loss of U.S. cooperation, leaves the world less equipped to handle worldwide disease detection, response coordination, and intelligence sharing鈥攃rucial collaborations during recent global health crises like COVID-19 and the Ebola outbreak. 

Unpaid bills: As the U.S. departs, it is stiffing the organization ~$278 million in owed dues from both 2025 and from 2024鈥攂efore Trump took office, . The lapsed payments defy a 1948 U.S. law that likely will not be enforced. 
 
A path to return?: While global health leaders say they do not anticipate a U.S. return to the organization in the near future,  that some WHO reforms, including results-based accountability, could eventually lure the U.S. back.  
  
Related: Maga-backed researchers call for WHO to be 鈥榬eformed or replaced鈥� on eve of US withdrawal 鈥�   GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES ZOONOTIC DISEASES Pangolins and Pandemic Risk  
Pangolins are one of the most trafficked animals in the world, as demand for their scales and meat remains high in places like Laos鈥攁 major hub of illegal wildlife trade.     Rampant trafficking threatens the mammal with extinction and poses a global health security threat, say epidemiologists.  

• Pangolins' unique immune tolerance allows them to host pathogens undetected, and the animals鈥� long captivity with other species and humans in unsanitary spaces creates a risk for spillover.  

The Quote: 鈥淭o me, this really is ground zero for disease emergence,鈥� said University of Sydney virologist Edward Holmes, who described the trade as 鈥渂oth horrendous for the animals in question, and could easily spark another pandemic.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;   ALMOST FRIDAY DIVERSION Should We All Just L眉ften Up? 
Flinging the windows open for some fresh air: It鈥檚 an invigorating feeling now and again.  

In Germany, it鈥檚 much more than that. The practice of multiple daily airings鈥攏o matter the weather鈥攊s ingrained from childhood and for tenants, often a contractual obligation.  

尝眉蹿迟别苍-濒颈迟别: But now, much to some Germans鈥� chagrin, American influencers have co-opted l眉ften under a new name: 鈥渉ouse burping,鈥� presenting it . A refreshing home hack, with no threat of eviction for noncompliance鈥攐r warning that over-commitment may ruin your relationship. 

Breeze-crossed lovers: For one German-American couple, the partner doing the heavy l眉ften-ing invited in cold air, chilly feelings, and one time, three bats, . His practice, which exceeded the l眉ften minimums required by his lease, left his American girlfriend cold and 鈥渃onfused,鈥� and their love went out the open window like stale air caught in a crossbreeze. 鈥淟眉ften is largely responsible for the fact that they鈥檙e no longer together.鈥�&苍产蝉辫;

QUICK HITS The US is on the verge of losing its measles elimination status. Here鈥檚 why that matters 鈥�  

Dozens Are Sickened by a Rare Fungal Infection in Tennessee 鈥�  

Study highlights impact of gender dynamics on antibiotic use 鈥�   

Vitamin D can help protect you against the flu, study suggests 鈥� 

ActionAid to rethink child sponsorship as part of plan to 鈥榙ecolonise鈥� its work 鈥� 

Can your health records be sold for profit? A lawsuit says it鈥檚 happening. 鈥�   
Trees 鈥� not grass and other greenery 鈥� associated with lower heart disease risk in cities 鈥�   

Global buzzwords that will be buzzing in your ear in 2026 鈥�  Issue No. 2851
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: Mpox鈥檚 Silent Spread; and U.K. Seeks a Road Safety Overhaul January 21, 2026 TOP STORIES U.S. lawmakers are pushing back against NIH cuts proposed by the Trump administration with a new Congressional bill that rejects a proposed 40% cut to the NIH budget and instead includes a $415 million increase and language that limits White House influence over grant funding.   
 
The Africa CDC confirmed the cancelation yesterday of a U.S.-funded study on hepatitis B vaccines involving newborns in Guinea-Bissau, citing ethical concerns over the proposed research design鈥攑articularly the possibility of delaying access to a lifesaving vaccine for some newborn participants.  
 
Prenatal exposure to wildfire smoke may be associated with an increased likelihood of autism diagnosis by age 5, ; the strongest association was found among those exposed to more than 10 days of wildfire smoke in the third trimester.  
 
A coalition of U.S. health groups has expanded a lawsuit against HHS Sec. Robert F. Kennedy Jr., challenging his agency鈥檚 鈥渆gregious, reckless, and dangerous鈥� changes to the childhood vaccine schedule; the plaintiffs鈥攚hich include the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Physicians, and the American Public Health Association鈥攈ad already sued over the agency鈥檚 changes to COVID-19 vaccine policy.   IN FOCUS Social mobilizers wait for community members ahead of the launch of an mpox vaccination campaign at the General Hospital in Goma, DRC. October 5, 2024. Aubin Mukoni/AFP via Getty Mpox鈥檚 Silent Spread
Mpox may be spreading asymptomatically in parts of Africa, new research shows鈥攁 revelation that could have significant implications for understanding and preventing transmission, .  
 
Researchers analyzed new and historic blood samples from 176 Nigerian adults with no known mpox exposure and discovered something unexpected: ~3% had developed new mpox antibodies over nine months鈥攊ndicating recent infection, , which was conducted by scientists at the University of Cambridge and the Institute of Human Virology Nigeria.  

• The research points not to 鈥渆xplosive spread鈥濃�攂ut rather to persistent transmission via 鈥渟poradic chains of infection鈥� shaped and potentially contained by past smallpox vaccination, .  

• The study also found no major differences in immune responses between health care workers and the general population鈥攎eaning exposure isn鈥檛 limited to medical settings, .  

Potential public health impact: The insights could reshape surveillance and prevention, especially in mpox-endemic regions where blood tests could better reveal exposure and help target vaccination efforts rather than relying on symptoms alone. 

• 鈥淚f we only look for obvious disease, we will miss part of the picture,鈥� said Alash'le Abimiku, executive director of the Institute of Human Virology Nigeria.

GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES ROAD SAFETY U.K. Seeks a Road Safety Overhaul
U.K. officials have unveiled the country鈥檚 first comprehensive road safety strategy in over a decade, aiming to cut road deaths and serious injuries by 65% by 2035. 
 
Background: Advocates and officials say the reforms come after years of inaction, as the country falls further behind European road standards. 

• 鈥淔or too long, progress on road safety has stalled. This strategy marks a turning point,鈥� said U.K. transport secretary Heidi Alexander.  

Plans include:  

• Stricter alcohol limits and higher penalties for violators. 

• Mandatory eye tests for drivers ages 70+. 

• Longer learning periods for new drivers. 

• Automatic emergency braking in all new cars. 

• Increased penalties for uninsured motorists and those not wearing seatbelts. 

• Improved crash testing.

QUICK HITS The divorce between the U.S. and WHO is final this week. Or is it? 鈥�     Doctors in Minnesota decry fear and chaos amid Trump administration鈥檚 immigration crackdown 鈥�      One Year Later: The Effect of US 鈥楥hainsaw鈥� on Global Health 鈥�      New report reveals shocking prevalence of illegal children鈥檚 homes 鈥�      Pharmacists' Risk of Suicide Higher Than the General Public 鈥�  Thanks for the tip, Chiara Jaffe!     The activists taking on Brazil鈥檚 femicide crisis 鈥� via social media 鈥�      What lingers in 鈥楾he Pitt鈥� is heartache. What鈥檚 missing is outrage 鈥�   Issue No. 2850
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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96 Global Health NOW: The Bacterial Detective Battling Superbugs in Nigeria; and Historic Clues for a Modern Medical Mystery January 20, 2026 TOP STORIES Unusually heavy rains across Mozambique in the last few weeks have triggered a 鈥渞apidly escalating emergency鈥� affecting 513,000+ people鈥攐ver half of them children, who are at an especially high risk in disease outbreaks, given compromised access to safe water and preexisting high malnutrition rates.    
Chinese authorities are blocking online searches about the country's plunging births after official figures released yesterday showed the country's birth rate dipped to 5.63 per 1,000 last year鈥攖he lowest since the 1949 founding of the People's Republic.     A personalized experimental drug based on mRNA technology halved melanoma patients鈥� risk of recurrence or death after five years compared with patients treated only with immunotherapy, per Moderna.  
A new meta-analysis and systematic review of 43 studies concluded that taking Tylenol (also known as paracetamol) during pregnancy does not cause autism in children, ; the review follows President Trump鈥檚 warning against taking the medication during pregnancy.   IN FOCUS: GHN EXCLUSIVE Iruka Okeke and her small team run a national surveillance project tracking antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria. Andrew Esiebo The Bacterial Detective Battling Superbugs in Nigeria    IBADAN, Nigeria鈥�Inside a crowded University of Ibadan lab, Iruka Okeke and her dozen students are running a national surveillance project for one of Nigeria's鈥攁nd Africa's鈥攎ost understudied problems: antimicrobial resistance (AMR).  

• More than 1 million deaths in the  were associated with bacterial AMR.  

• 鈥淎MR deaths threaten Africa鈥檚 future,鈥� says Okeke.      

Big ambitions: Okeke founded the Nigeria National Surveillance Unit at the University of Ibadan鈥檚 College of Medicine in 2022. 

• She and her team use whole genome sequencing and other tools to understand how microbes inherit and spread resistant traits.  

• They鈥檝e already investigated more than a dozen suspected outbreaks. 

• The lab鈥擭igeria鈥檚 first reference lab for AMR surveillance鈥攐btains samples from three sentinel hospitals in Ibadan and sequences pathogenic bacteria, sharing data with the Nigeria CDC. 

Daily challenges: Doing science in Nigeria with limited resources isn鈥檛 easy.  

• 鈥淭here are days I wake up, and I think, 鈥極h, gosh, there鈥檚 too many problems to solve鈥攍ike how are you going to keep the electricity uninterrupted?鈥欌�� Okeke says. 鈥淎nd then, there are days I wake up and think, 鈥業t鈥檚 amazing we鈥檙e doing this stuff that nobody else is doing.鈥欌��   

DATA POINT

980,000
鈥斺赌斺赌斺�斺��
The number of midwives needed across 181 countries鈥�90% of them LMICs; improved access could potentially save 4.3m lives a year by 2035, by the International Confederation of Midwives. 鈥�
  CANCER Historic Clues for a Modern Medical Mystery    U.K. scientists seeking to understand why colorectal cancer continues to rise sharply among young people are looking to hospital archives for leads.    The clues: A vast collection of century-old cancer samples stored at St. Mark鈥檚 Hospital in London.  

• The samples, which have been preserved in wax, are being sent to the Institute of Cancer Research for molecular tests that can identify DNA damage 鈥渟ignatures,鈥� revealing possible triggers.  

The stakes: Bowel cancer rates in the U.K. have spiked 75% among people under age 24 since the early 1990s鈥攎irroring a global phenomenon that still does not have a clear underlying cause.        Related: 

What science says about how weight-loss drugs affect cancer risk 鈥�  

Sugar Land resident advances global cancer research while still an undergrad 鈥�  GLOBAL HEALTH VOICES QUICK HITS Napkins for bandages: How 11 doctors survived the siege of El Fasher 鈥�     The near death 鈥� and last-minute reprieve 鈥� of a trial for an HIV vaccine 鈥�     The Obituary Of The US Childhood Immunization Schedule 鈥�     Drug use disorders a growing public health concern in the Americas, PAHO study finds 鈥�      Public Views About Opioid Overdose and People With Opioid Use Disorder 鈥�     More than half of mpox patients in 2022 outbreak experienced lasting physical effects: Study 鈥�     Alzheimer's finger-prick test could help diagnosis 鈥�   Issue No. 2849
Global Health NOW is an initiative of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Contributors include Brian W. Simpson, MPH, Dayna Kerecman Myers, Annalies Winny, Morgan Coulson, Kate Belz, Melissa Hartman, Jackie Powder, and Rin Swann. Write us: dkerecm1@jhu.edu, like us on and follow us on Instagram and X .

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